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Key concepts

Key concepts

Rollups:

Rollups are currently the go-to solution for Ethereum’s scalability limitations. However, while effective, these solutions may not always be cost-effective for everyday use. Plasma is a scaling solution that executes transactions off-chain with a mechanism for blockchain validation.

Statelessness in Ethereum:

It's a method to change how nodes handle state data, not eliminating the concept of "state".

Types:

  • Weak Statelessness: Allows most nodes to offload state storage to a few specific nodes.

  • Strong Statelessness: Completely removes the need for any node to store the full state data.

Benefits for Validators:
  • Nearly Instant Syncing: Nodes can synchronize faster.

  • Block Validation Out-of-Order: Capable of validating blocks without following the linear order.

  • Low Hardware Requirements: Nodes can operate on devices with minimal resources (like smartphones).

  • No Disk I/O Required: Nodes can run on inexpensive hard drives since they don't need to read/write to disk.

  • Future Compatibility: Supports upcoming cryptographic upgrades in Ethereum.

This restructuring aims to make Ethereum nodes more lightweight and efficient.

It's a method to change how nodes handle state data, not eliminating the concept of "state".

Strong Statelessness

Strong statelessness in Ethereum eliminates the need for nodes to store state data. Instead:

  • Transactions include witnesses that block producers can aggregate.

  • Block Producers only store the state necessary for generating witnesses for relevant accounts.

  • Users must send witnesses and 'access lists' detailing the accounts and storage keys they interact with

This allows for extremely lightweight nodes but makes interacting with smart contracts more complex.

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