Rollups:
Rollups are currently the go-to solution for Ethereum’s scalability limitations. However, while effective, these solutions may not always be cost-effective for everyday use. Plasma is a scaling solution that executes transactions off-chain with a mechanism for blockchain validation.
Statelessness in Ethereum:
It's a method to change how nodes handle state data, not eliminating the concept of "state".
Types:
Weak Statelessness: Allows most nodes to offload state storage to a few specific nodes.
Strong Statelessness: Completely removes the need for any node to store the full state data.
Nearly Instant Syncing: Nodes can synchronize faster.
Block Validation Out-of-Order: Capable of validating blocks without following the linear order.
Low Hardware Requirements: Nodes can operate on devices with minimal resources (like smartphones).
No Disk I/O Required: Nodes can run on inexpensive hard drives since they don't need to read/write to disk.
Future Compatibility: Supports upcoming cryptographic upgrades in Ethereum.
It's a method to change how nodes handle state data, not eliminating the concept of "state".
Strong Statelessness
Strong statelessness in Ethereum eliminates the need for nodes to store state data. Instead:
Transactions include witnesses that block producers can aggregate.
Block Producers only store the state necessary for generating witnesses for relevant accounts.
Users must send witnesses and 'access lists' detailing the accounts and storage keys they interact with
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